INTRODUCTION SATELLITE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A famous British science fiction writer (1945) originated the idea of synchronous communication satellite and noted that the satellite in a circular equatorial orbit with a radius of about 42,242 km would have an angular velocity that matched the earth’s. Thus it would always remain above the same spot on earth, and it could receive and relay signals from most of a hemisphere. There satellites spaced 120 degress apart could cover the whole world, and reliable communication between any two points on earth would be, possible.

Satellite receive a signal from the ground station, do the amplification and frequency translation, and broadcast it to earth stations that are able to receive transmissions. A satellite begins at a single earth station, passes through the satellite, and ends at one or more earth stations. Satellite communication systems utilize microwave terminals both on satellites and in earth stations for high reliable and high capacity system.